气体探测器雪崩过程的研究

基于汤逊气体放大电子雪崩模型和一定的物理假设,导出描绘气体探测器中正比模式和有限正比模式的一个统一公式.该公式很好地符合实验事实,由此还得到了描述空间电荷作用强弱的参数──等效电容以及表征探测器工作状态的参量──线性度.同时,在假定SQS雪崩中空间电荷起重要作用的情况下,该公式很好地描述了其输出电量随高压的线性关系.     

高能强子在铁中的衰减

利用强子探测效率高的厚型甘巴拉山铁乳胶室,观测了能量大于4TeV强子流的衰减长度.分别对无伴随的单个强子、ΣE_γ>500TeV、100TeV≤ΣE_γ≤500TeV和30TeV≤ΣE_γ<100TeV的族事例中的强子作了测量. 初步结果表明,四种情况的衰减长度是有差异的,对此作了讨论.     

消声室的设计和性能检测

消声室是声学测量的基本配套设施。本文作者在宁波大学内建消声室实践基础上,对消声室的类型、规格和技术经济指标的确定;消声室的隔振、隔声处理;消声室的吸声处理等方面的问题进行了探讨。消声室的性能检测的一个重要内容是自由声场的鉴定,本文提出一种离散法鉴定自由声场,具有简单易行的优点。     

单室沉积高效非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池的研究

采用甚高频等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术,在前期单室沉积的微晶硅薄膜太阳电池和非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池研究的基础上,通过对微晶硅底电池本征层硅烷浓度的优化,获得了初始效率达到11.02%(电池面积1.0 cm²)的非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池.同时,100 cm²的非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池的组件效率也达到了9.04%. 关键词： 非晶硅/微晶硅叠层电池 单室 甚高频     

稳态燃烧室进气过程的大涡模拟

为精确描述燃烧室进气过程中的流场动态特性,本文应用大涡模拟模型对燃烧室稳态进气过程进行三维瞬态数值模拟研究,着重考察了三种不同亚网格模型(SGS)的性能,这三种SGS模型是:代数Smagorinsky模型、动态Smagorinsky模型和单方程动态动能输运模型(LDKEM)。计算结果表明LEDKEM模型和动态Smagorinsky模型均能较好地反映流场的瞬变性和随机性,前者性能最佳;而代数Smagorinsky模型精度较差,且不能模拟流场的微结构。     

Design of a multi-cusp ion source for proton therapy

The permanent magnets of the discharge chamber in a multi-cusp proton source are studied and designed. The three electrode extraction system is adopted and simulated. A method to extract different amounts of current while keeping the beam emittance unchanged is proposed.     

Tracer Study on Catalytic Hydrogen Exchange Reactions over Nickel Catalyst

In heterogeneous catalysis it is important to know the reactivity of C-H bond in the hydrocarbon molecules. Experiments have been performed to obtain information about the exchange reaction of adsorbed hydrogen with methane and ethylene. In order to reduce the probability of forming products which contain more than one tritium atom, hydrogen labelled with H³ with low activity has been used.     

Atomic Absorption Spectrometry of Silver with Absorption Tube Having Nebulization Chamber

In the atomic absorption spectrometry with the long absorption tube using a hydrogen-air flame, only the total consumption type of the burners, e.g., Beckman¹ or ring burners², have been used for the input of a sample solution to the flame. The use of the indirect input method with nebulization chamber has never been attempted, though, by use of a commercially available apparatus with nebulization chamber, the large increase of the sensitivity has been easily obtained by heating the chamber and nebulizing air^3–5.     

Versatile vacuum chamber for in situ surface X‐ray scattering studies

A compact portable vacuum‐compatible chamber designed for surface X‐ray scattering measurements on beamline ID01 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, is described. The chamber is versatile and can be used for in situ investigation of various systems, such as surfaces, nanostructures, thin films etc., using a variety of X‐ray‐based techniques such as reflectivity, grazing‐incidence small‐angle scattering and diffraction. It has been conceived for the study of morphology and structure of semiconductor surfaces during ion beam erosion, but it is also used for the study of surface oxidation or thin film growth under ultra‐high‐vacuum conditions. Coherent X‐ray beam experiments are also possible. The chamber is described in detail, and examples of its use are given.